به نظرم درسته منتها به شرط آسیب بافتی واقعی گفتن مطالب زیر به طور کلی در مورد درد از یکی از معتبر ترین منابع خالی از لطف نیست(البته در صورت شرایط طبیعی بدن این جمله درسته مثلا بعد از تزریق بی حس کننده های موضعی هرگونه آسیب بافتی به اون بافت باعث درد نمیشه قاعدتا دیگه البته خود عمل تزریق دردی رو ایجاد خواهد کرد)
pain describes the unpleasant sensory and
emotional experiences associated with actual
or potential tissue damage. Pricking, burning,
aching, stinging, and soreness are among the most
distinctive of all the sensory modalities. As with the
other somatic sensory modalities—touch, pressure, and
position sense—pain serves an important protective
function, alerting us to injuries that require evasion or
treatment. In children born with insensitivity to pain,
severe injuries often go unnoticed and can lead to permanent
tissue damage. Yet pain is unlike other somatic
sensory modalities, or vision, hearing, and smell in
that it has an urgent and primitive quality, possessing
both affective and emotional components.
The perception of pain is subjective and is in0uenced
by many factors. An identical sensory stimulus
can elicit quite distinct responses in the same individual
under different conditions. Many wounded
soldiers, for example, do not feel pain until they have
been removed from the battle1eld; injured athletes are
often not aware of pain until a game is over. Simply
put, there are no purely “painful” stimuli, sensory
stimuli that invariably elicit the perception of pain in
all individuals. The variability of the perception of
pain is yet another example of a principle that we have
encountered in earlier chapters: Pain is not the direct
expression of a sensory event but rather the product of
elaborate processing by the brain of a variety of neural
signals.
When pain is experienced it can be acute, persistent,
or in extreme cases chronic. Persistent pain characterizes
many clinical conditions and is usually the
reason that patients seek medical attention. In contrast,
chronic pain appears to have no useful purpose;
it only makes patients miserable. Pain’s highly individual
and subjective nature is one of the factors that
make it so difficult to deine objectively and to treat
clinically.
---- دو نوشته به هم متصل شده است ----.
دوستان بیولوژیست عزیز شرمنده سعی میکنم دراولین فرصت ترجمشو بزارم اگه حوصله خوندشون رو به علت انگلیسی بودن نداشتید(مطمنا حوصلشو دارید وتوی انگلیسی هم ماشالا دستی دارید:دی)
